The Picture Exchange Communication System is a structured communication training protocol that teaches individuals to initiate communication by exchanging picture symbols for desired items or activities. Developed by Andy Bondy and Lori Frost, PECS has six phases: starting with simple picture exchanges for preferred items, then progressing to sentence construction, commenting, and answering questions. PECS does not require eye contact, imitation, or verbal skills as prerequisites — making it accessible to individuals with significant communication challenges. The system uses behavioral principles (prompting, reinforcement) within a functional communication context. PECS can serve as a bridge to speech-generating devices or may remain a person's primary communication method.
PECS training and materials are covered under many HCBS waivers as part of communication or behavioral services. The system can be used across school, home, and community settings.